I would think that being frozen for a while would definitely impact the balls performance.

I doubt the average golfer (75+ per round) will relay notice a difference in the play of the ball. Question: Where do you store your clubs and balls in the winter? In the garage? Once they reach normal temperature they should react the same.

I would think the moisture from the snow and cold would have an impact. Probably not as much as balls from the bottom of the water hazard.

This is where technology has really made a big difference. Old balata wound balls were somewhat pores and water would get inside. Not good. Current solid balls will have minimal degradation. I mean, warm'm up and tee'm up.

I store my Prov1s in my man cave the year round and thrown a sleeve or two in the bag I am using the day I play. Fortunately we get opportunities to play the year round. We do have a few weeks of winter in the low country of South Carolina. Rain and flooding is our biggest obstacle. But every once in a while this will come for a visit, as it did this year in early January and stuck around for over a week. Think it decided to come to the beach from up North.